<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC '-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN'  'http://www.docbook.org/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd'><article><articleinfo><title>Javaの構文</title><revhistory><revision><revnumber>19</revnumber><date>2011-09-16 03:52:20</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>18</revnumber><date>2011-09-16 03:50:21</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>17</revnumber><date>2011-09-16 03:47:26</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>16</revnumber><date>2011-09-16 03:46:33</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>15</revnumber><date>2011-09-16 03:13:20</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>14</revnumber><date>2011-09-16 03:09:36</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>13</revnumber><date>2011-09-16 03:07:09</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>12</revnumber><date>2011-09-16 02:59:09</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>11</revnumber><date>2011-09-16 02:49:40</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>10</revnumber><date>2009-09-21 11:38:31</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>9</revnumber><date>2009-09-21 11:37:35</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials><revremark>名前を'Cの構文との比較'から変更。</revremark></revision><revision><revnumber>8</revnumber><date>2008-09-22 05:17:24</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>7</revnumber><date>2008-09-22 05:16:24</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials><revremark>名前を'Javaの構文'から変更。</revremark></revision><revision><revnumber>6</revnumber><date>2008-09-22 05:14:07</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>5</revnumber><date>2008-09-22 05:10:35</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>4</revnumber><date>2008-09-22 05:07:36</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>3</revnumber><date>2008-09-22 05:01:10</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>2</revnumber><date>2008-09-22 04:04:30</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision><revision><revnumber>1</revnumber><date>2008-09-22 03:53:27</date><authorinitials>masahiko</authorinitials></revision></revhistory></articleinfo><section><title>Javaの構文(Cとの比較)</title><para>Javaの構文はCとよく似ています。 単純な数値（整数、浮動小数点）を扱う部分に限れば、ほとんど同じに見えます。 </para><para>構文の一部を以下に示します。 </para><!--rule (<hr>) is not applicable to DocBook--><section><title>演算</title><para>論理演算とビット演算に分かれていることに注意。 </para><para><emphasis role="strong">算術演算子</emphasis> </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><informaltable><tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col_0"/><colspec colname="col_1"/><colspec colname="col_2"/><tbody><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>+</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>加算</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>-</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>減算</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>*</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>乗算</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>/</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>除算</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>%</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>余り</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>-</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>符号反転</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>１項(前置)</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>+</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"/><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>１項(前置)</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></listitem></itemizedlist><para><emphasis role="strong">代入演算子</emphasis> </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><informaltable><tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col_0"/><colspec colname="col_1"/><colspec colname="col_2"/><tbody><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></listitem></itemizedlist><para><emphasis role="strong">インクリメント,デクリメント</emphasis> </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><informaltable><tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col_0"/><colspec colname="col_1"/><colspec colname="col_2"/><tbody><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>++</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>インクリメント</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>１項(前置,後置)</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>--</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>デクリメント</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>１項(前置,後置)</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></listitem></itemizedlist><para><emphasis role="strong">関係演算子</emphasis> </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><informaltable><tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col_0"/><colspec colname="col_1"/><colspec colname="col_2"/><tbody><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>==</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>等しい</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>!=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>等しくない</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&lt;</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>小さい</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&gt;</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>大きい</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&lt;=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>以下</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&gt;=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>以上</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></listitem></itemizedlist><para><emphasis role="strong">論理演算子</emphasis> </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><informaltable><tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col_0"/><colspec colname="col_1"/><colspec colname="col_2"/><tbody><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&amp;&amp;</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>論理積</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>|<emphasis role="strong"/>| </para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>論理和</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>^</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>排他的論理和</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>!</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>否定</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>１項(前置)</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></listitem></itemizedlist><para><emphasis role="strong">ビット演算子</emphasis> </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><informaltable><tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col_0"/><colspec colname="col_1"/><colspec colname="col_2"/><tbody><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&amp;</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット積(AND)</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>| </para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット和(OR)</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>^</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット排他的論理和(XOR)</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>~</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット反転(NOT)</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>１項(前置)</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&lt;&lt;</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット左シフト</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&gt;&gt;</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット右算術シフト</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット右論理シフト</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></listitem></itemizedlist><para><emphasis role="strong">３項演算子</emphasis> </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><informaltable><tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col_0"/><colspec colname="col_1"/><colspec colname="col_2"/><tbody><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>? :</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>条件によりどちらかの値</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>3項</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></listitem></itemizedlist><para><emphasis role="strong">キャスト演算子</emphasis> </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><informaltable><tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col_0"/><colspec colname="col_1"/><colspec colname="col_2"/><tbody><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>(型)</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>型変換</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>１項(前置)</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></listitem></itemizedlist><para><emphasis role="strong">文字列連結演算子</emphasis> </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><informaltable><tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col_0"/><colspec colname="col_1"/><colspec colname="col_2"/><tbody><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>+</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>連結</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></listitem></itemizedlist><para><emphasis role="strong">演算後代入演算子</emphasis> </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><informaltable><tgroup cols="3"><colspec colname="col_0"/><colspec colname="col_1"/><colspec colname="col_2"/><tbody><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>+=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>加算代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>-=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>減算代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>*=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>乗算代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>/=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>除算代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>%=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>剰余代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&amp;=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット積代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>|=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット和代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>^=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット排他的論理和代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&lt;&lt;=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット左シフト代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&gt;&gt;=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット右算術シフト代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry align="center" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;=</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>ビット右論理シフト代入</para></entry><entry colsep="1" rowsep="1"><para>２項</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></listitem></itemizedlist><!--rule (<hr>) is not applicable to DocBook--></section><section><title>文</title><para>プログラムは文を並べて記述します。 文にはつぎのようなものがあります。一部のみ示しています。 </para><para>ブロック </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun01.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun01.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist><para>空文 </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun02.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun02.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist><para>文に識別子(ラベル)をつける </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun03.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun03.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist><para>代入文 </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun04.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun04.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist><para>if文 </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun05.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun05.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist><para>for文 </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun06.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun06.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist><para>while文 </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun07.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun07.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist><para>do文 </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun08.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun08.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist><para>return文 </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun09.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun09.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist><para>break文 </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun10.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun10.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist><para>continue文 </para><itemizedlist><listitem override="none"><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="http://ei-www.hyogo-dai.ac.jp/~masahiko/moin.cgi/Java%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=koubun11.png"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>koubun11.png</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> </para></listitem></itemizedlist></section></section></article>